Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) Development

Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs) represent one of the most powerful modalities in targeted oncology - delivering highly potent chemotherapy directly to cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. To fully realize the promise of ADCs, you need a partner who understands every component, every challenge, and every opportunity.

With the right ADC CDMO partner, your ADC can reach its full potential.

Start smarter. Move faster. Deliver better outcomes.

400+ ADCs produced for companies globally.

2000+ conjugates developed for critical assays, and lead candidate selections.

50+ bioconjugation programs scaled up to produce multi gram batches.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) continue to show remarkable therapeutic promise — yet too many programs stall before reaching patients. Success isn’t just about having a powerful modality; it’s about making the right decisions early. To prevent costly failures in manufacturing or the clinic, Abzena bring deep scientific expertise and state-of-the-art technologies to the very foundation of your program. By engineering quality, stability, and scalability from day one, we help you avoid downstream risk, accelerate development, and dramatically increase your chances of clinical success.

Abzena provides end-to-end ADC development and manufacturing solutions designed to accelerate your program and de-risk your path to clinic and commercialization. From optimized antibody and linker design to advanced bioconjugation and scalable GMP manufacturing, our integrated expertise helps you bring safer, more effective therapies to patients—faster.

Abzena brings scientific depth, industry-leading platform technology for ADCs in ThioBridge®, and a commitment to quality that empowers innovators to transform oncology treatment.

We are committed to moving this next generation of medicine forwards. Abzena’s 20+ years of bioconjugation experience simplifies and accelerates the ADC development and manufacturing process. Our ADC CDMO services provide:

  • Early de-risking & optimization
  • Process development & optimization
  • Formulation development
  • Analytical method development
  • Linker payload design & synthesis
  • Clinical to commercial manufacture

Unparalleled ADC Development Expertise

Abzena offers unparalleled expertise in bioconjugation with services designed to accelerate drug development. We offer a full range of ADC and bioconjugate capabilities with ability to design and optimize ADCs for any known target antigen alongside:

  • Proprietary ThioBridge® Technology: Our unique disulfide re-bridging platform, ThioBridge®, allows precise, site-specific conjugation, ensuring superior control over drug-antibody ratios (DAR) and enhanced ADC stability.
  • Comprehensive Conjugation Toolbox: We provide access to numerous conjugation techniques, including traditional methods like lysine and cysteine conjugation, as well as advanced enzyme-based site-specific approaches.
  • Versatile Payload Capabilities: Our experience in handling diverse cytotoxic payloads such as auristatins, maytansines, PBD dimers, and more, enables us to design payload-linker constructs with optimized pharmacokinetics and therapeutic profiles.
  • Tailored Development Programs: We offer bioconjugation services from early discovery through to cGMP manufacturing, ensuring a seamless transition through all stages of ADC development.

Streamlining Bioconjugation for ADC Development

Abzena Cambridge Chemistry Lab - Abzena

Bioconjugation is an expertise that is essential in the creation of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). It facilitates the precise linking of biologically active molecules with potent payloads. At Abzena, we are at the forefront of advanced bioconjugation techniques that enhance the creation of stable and effective ADCs. Abzena’s bioconjugation services ensure that your ADC candidates meet the highest standards of efficacy and safety through:

  • Linker Payload Design and Synthesis: We specialize in custom synthesis of novel linker payloads for specific ADC targets, ensuring maximum efficacy and minimized.
  • Stability Profiling and Release Kinetics: Our bioconjugation processes ensure optimized release kinetics, maintaining payload stability until the target site is reached.
  • Matrix Evaluation Approach: Using a matrix evaluation, we guide the development of bioconjugates, helping to de-risk the process and identify the most effective conjugation strategies.

Download our information sheet titled ‘Streamlining Bioconjugation for Antibody-Drug Conjugate Development’ to learn more.

Designing ADCs with Abzena’s Toolbox

ADC design is complex with multiple components & mechanisms of action involved. The Abzena ADC Toolbox highlights the comprehensive range of components and technologies available for the development of a diverse range of bioconjugates.

Designing ADCs with Abzena's Toolbox - Abzena

Payload Versatility

Abzena offers extensive experience in working with a variety of payloads, including:

  • Oncology Payloads: Auristatins, maytansines, duocarmycins, PBD dimers, camptothecins, anthracyclines, and more.
  • Imaging and Labeling Agents: Rhodamine, DOTA, fluorescein, AlexaFluor®, and others for diagnostic and research purposes.
  • Other Therapeutic Applications: Peptides, oligonucleotides, kinase inhibitors, immunomodulators, and biotin for
    specialized drug development.

State-of-the-Art Analytical Capabilities

Abzena’s advanced analytics ensure the quality, stability, and functionality of bioconjugates throughout development:

  • In vitro and in vivo Stability Testing: Ensuring the durability and functionality of conjugates under various conditions.
  • Drug-to-Antibody Ratio (DAR) Assessment: Achieving precise control over the DAR using advanced analytical techniques to ensure homogeneous product profiles.
  • Comprehensive Bioassays: Supporting ADC development through internalization studies, cytotoxicity assays, and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiling.

What are Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs)?

ADCs are an iteration of a well-established concept: using antibodies to deliver toxic payloads directly to cells, serving as a molecular rifle-scope, targeting and killing tumor cells… but how do they work?

Cancer treatment with ADCs

Developers have long since understood the power of specifically targeting harmful cells and delivering a cytotoxic payload with minimal systemic toxicity – particularly in the treatment of cancer. As a result, ADCs are one of the fastest growing anti-cancer therapeutic areas.

2000

Year of the first ADC approval

12

ADC drugs approved for marketing worldwide*

$22.87 Billion

Predicted ADC market size in 2030

*As of early 2024.

How do ADCs work?

ADCs are comprised of three main components:

  1. An antibody – typically a monoclonal antibody (mAb)
  2. A linker
  3. A cytotoxic payload

The mechanism of action of ADCs is complex, often requiring internalization, intracellular processing and payload release.

ANTIBODY

The antibody subunit provides specificity towards cancer cells by recognizing antigens exclusive to, or highly expressed by, cancer cells. Upon recognition, the ADC enters the cell, and the linker is degraded, releasing the cytotoxic.

CYTOTOXIC DRUG

Most cytotoxic drug components are highly potent and belong to two major families: tubulin and DNA-damaging agents. Inappropriate release of these drugs can cause toxic effects, so the drug must remain attached to the antibody until internalization.

LINKER

The antibody and cytotoxic drug component are generally linked by a covalent linker. Peptide linkers are the most common type, offering stability and the ability to be selectively cleaved by lysosomal proteases following cell uptake.

ADCs in action: Understanding the molecular “rifle-scope” mechanism

  1. ADC administered to patient via intravenous injection
  2. Antibody component specifically recognizes and binds to cancer cell receptor
  3. Internalization via receptor-mediated endocytosis
  4. ADC in endosome
  5. Lysosomal proteases degrade ADC, releasing cytotoxic drug
  6. Cytotoxic payload free to interact with internal targets
  7. Cell undergoes apoptosis (programmed cell death)

The ADC revolution

Advances in molecular engineering techniques have translated into the components of ADCs becoming increasingly sophisticated, offering:

  • Cytotoxic payloads with diverse mechanism of action
  • Refined linkers
  • More complex antibodies

Advancements adding complexity

Development and manufacturing of ADCs is becoming increasingly challenging. For each product, unique hurdles to ADCs must be carefully considered and overcome, and must ensure:

  • Antibody specificity only to target cells to avoid healthy cell destruction
  • Maintained antibody affinity to target epitopes following conjugation
  • Avoidance of immune activation and/or neutralization by native patient antibodies
  • Improper release of the cytotoxic payload
  • Highly potent anti-tumor activity regardless of only a fraction of the dose being delivered.

Bioconjugate & ADC Services

Abzena are experts in developing Antibody Drug Conjugates (ADCs) through all stages from discovery to commercialization.

What are your drug development goals? - Abzena

A Bioconjugation & ADC CDMO partner you can trust

To accelerate lead drug candidate selection, we utilize our expertise in identifying and mapping the appropriate design space for the development of your complex Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADCs). Through the application of our developability assessments, we identify and de-risk your clinical candidates for development and ensure stage-specific milestones are met.

Designing the best ADC matrix strategy

To optimize the design of your molecule, our expert team applies their experience to design the best ADC matrix strategy for you. Your program will benefit from our extensive knowledge of ADCs and bioconjugation. We have experience in the design and development of fully characterized ADCs with a wide range of conventional and novel linkers, cytotoxins, and other payloads. In addition, we provide a range of both proprietary and non-proprietary PEGylation technologies.

Robust, critical early development processes

Our experts develop robust conjugation processes maximizing conversion to the target species and purification strategies allowing isolation with high recoveries and purity. Critical process parameters are identified at an early stage to ensure the development of a conjugation process, accelerate your lead candidate, and ensure scale-up of manufacturing.

ThioBridge®: ADC Development Platform

Our unique ThioBridge® platform is truly next-generation conjugation technology. It overcomes some of the shortcomings of first-generation conjugation technologies, by using site-specific conjugation to antibody interchain disulfide. It offers a more uniform DAR profile and stable attachment compared to maleimide conjugation and allows for PK profiles to be optimized with architectural design flexibility when it comes to the payload and spacer.